VirtuAnalytics

Novel Insights Through Data & Analysis

Virtua Fighter 5 REVO · v1.10 · Region: Asia

Jacky

umiyama_kai

  • Jeffry
  • Lion
  • Jean
  • Kage
  • Brad
  • Lau
  • El Blaze
  • Goh
  • Akira
  • Wolf
Career matches11,817
Career win rate53.9%
Round win rate51.3%
Peak rank40
Distinct opponents299
Period2026/03/26 – 2026/10/18

Elo rating

Overall, and on each character played 10+ times

1739 #633 of 3,686 on the Elo list →

The overall rating moves on every match, whatever was picked; a character's rating adds this player's own adjustment on it. Both run from every recorded match since v1.10; how they are worked out is on the Elo list.

Characters played — VF5's own record

Jacky405,7253,0192,70652.7%
Lion401,49482566955.2%
Jeffry371,44276967353.3%
Jean371,43077565554.2%
Kage3373341831557.0%
Lau3347326920456.9%
Brad3129716812956.6%
Goh27129705954.3%
Akira2650272354.0%
El Blaze2739251464.1%
Wolf2651420.0%

These are the totals VF5 keeps for each character, read from the newest replay stored for it. They cover the player's whole ranked career and take no period.

Inputs per second

5,973 of 6,509 rounds counted

8.0 inputs a second (478 a minute) this season. Faster than 71% of the 4,069 regulars with enough rounds counted to compare.

By character played

Jacky8.55132,461
Jeffry7.44421,534
Lion8.0477829
Jean7.7460416
Kage7.3440261
Brad7.6454236
Lau7.846685
El Blaze7.243251
Goh7.243450
Akira9.154837
Wolf7.645813

By opponent's character

Shun7.7464818
Akira8.3498841
Kage7.8469532
Jacky8.2495452
Lau8.1488390
Jeffry7.8468403
Aoi7.9475294
Goh8.0478271
Taka8.2494250
Wolf7.5450252
El Blaze7.7462188
Jean8.1483206
Vanessa7.8469225
Lion8.6513179
Pai7.9476181
Brad7.9476175
Sarah7.8468126
Dural7.847067
Lei Fei7.444568
Eileen8.047755

An input is any change on the controller (a new stick direction, a button pressed or released) from the bell to the moment a round is decided, over the live time of the round. Only rounds whose inputs have been decoded are counted. Who you face changes the pace too: see the inputs-per-second article under News.

Against each character

Shun22111510652.0%+3.6
Akira21710211547.0%-3.5
Kage156708644.9%-2.5
Jacky122774563.1%+10.9
Lau112535947.3%-3.9
Jeffry109614856.0%+2.1
Aoi74314341.9%-16.6
Goh66382857.6%+3.2
Taka62303248.4%-1.9
Wolf62352756.5%+2.2
El Blaze59342557.6%+2.2
Jean58312753.5%-2.9
Vanessa58263244.8%-3.0
Lion49282157.1%+6.1
Pai48282058.3%+7.2
Brad43182541.9%-9.3
Sarah41231856.1%+4.7
Dural1811761.1%-0.6
Lei Fei1811761.1%+9.4
Eileen145935.7%-10.2

0 of 17 rows differ from what this player's level and their opponents' ranks predict, once the test allows for asking 17 questions at once; about 0.9 would by chance alone.

A matchup row is the particular people played on that character, not the character in general: one strong regular moves it as much as the matchup does.

By ring shape

Full Fence1918610545.0%-8.5
Open1761037358.5%+9.0
Breakable Full Fence172898351.7%+3.6
Low Fence172908252.3%+1.4
Octagon165818449.1%-2.9
Half Fence159788149.1%-2.8
Rectangle156876955.8%+2.4
Breakable Half Fence134696551.5%-2.3
Single Wall133686551.1%-1.5
Full Fence and Open69343549.3%+1.7

0 of 10 rows differ from what this player's level and their opponents' ranks predict, once the test allows for asking 10 questions at once; about 0.5 would by chance alone.

With or without walls

StagesMatchesWin %Expectedvs expected
Walls97750.2%51.8%-1.7
No walls48154.3%51.3%+3.0

Walls against open: -4.7 points (95% range -10.3 to +1.0), p 0.105 — no measurable difference.

The fence-and-open stages and Training Room are on neither side, as on the stage report.

How these are tested
  • Each match gets an expected result from the two players' ranks, read off the ladder's rank-against-rank win rates, and shifted by one number per player so the expected wins add up to the actual ones. A row's gap is how far above that expectation it sits, against the same measure over the player's other matches.
  • Matches against the same opponent are not independent, so each test is widened by how unevenly this player's results fall across the people they played. Rows under 30 decided matches or 10 different opponents on either side carry no test, and each table is corrected for the number of rows tested in it.
  • Not adjusted for: how strong an opponent is for their rank. Rank carries most of it; the rest needs a rating model.

Most played opponents

Most played opponents, most recent first

U-23 (Rank 33)2026/10/131441028.6%
PuzzG/ぱず爺 (Rank 38)2026/10/1227161159.3%
Tokkovanessa_VF (Rank 42)2026/10/121771041.2%
下P撃ち過ぎですか!? (Rank 28)2026/10/10178947.1%
NORESPECT (Rank 37)2026/10/0634191555.9%
村長~災禍の中心~ (Rank 39)2026/10/0576433356.6%
Mochi/かしわもち (Rank 40)2026/10/023482623.5%
かえる (Rank 38)2026/10/02145935.7%
★闘将拉麵男★ (Rank 38)2026/09/2827111640.7%
もっこり (Rank 35)2026/09/2623111247.8%
ヘニオ (Rank 33)2026/09/2420101050.0%
ハンニャ (Rank 38)2026/09/192012860.0%
くりたろう (Rank 39)2026/09/182061430.0%
ふかふか (Rank 38)2026/09/1825111444.0%
ctraum (Rank 39)2026/09/1424101441.7%
ドランクン//Konpay (Rank 39)2026/09/112214863.6%
STAGEW(ON)@스테이지원 (Rank 41)2026/09/092112957.1%
マクシミリアン15世 (Rank 34)2026/09/092820871.4%
ゲッパー (Rank 37)2026/09/082112957.1%
佐藤です (Rank 35)2026/09/071913668.4%
VF12360-PC (Rank 37)2026/09/0335241168.6%
デネ (Rank 42)2026/08/312691734.6%
Fibonacci (Rank 41)2026/08/241551033.3%
interceptor (Rank 40)2026/08/0628131546.4%
イイクルーン (Rank 37)2026/08/05147750.0%

Round openings

Every character

crouch dash forward into guardG63010.2%
backdash into evade down3245.2%
evade down into guardG2954.8%
crouch dash forward into evade down2323.8%
punchP1362.2%
guardG1141.8%
crouch dash forward into evade up1011.6%
backdash into Spin Heel Sword4K+G891.4%
crouch dash forward into punchP831.3%
Low Spin Kick1K+G791.3%
Middle Smash6P711.1%
Jab StraightPP into Jab Double StraightPPP691.1%
guardG into punchP671.1%
Middle Spin Kick46K+G641.0%
evade down into evade up621.0%

929 further openings account for the other 3,765 rounds.

Counted from 1,526 of the 1,607 matches played. The rest were not pulled for openings.

Jacky

Career
3,019–2,706 · 52.7%
This season
683 matches · 50.1%
Peak rank
40

First hit in 46.4% of 2,579 rounds. Won 52.4% of the rounds they struck first, 48.1% of the rounds they were struck first.

Significant Tells

  • In round 1: waits first in 16.4% of rounds, against 3.6% in their other rounds.
  • Against Akira: backs off first in 34.8% of rounds, against 19.5% against everyone else.
  • After opening the round before by moving in: moves in first in 51.6% of rounds, against 29.6% after anything else.
  • After winning a round: attacks straight away in 36.7% of rounds, against 14.4% after losing one.
  • When ahead: attacks straight away in 33.5% of rounds, against 19.3% when level or behind.
  • Against a Shun on 1+ drinks: moves in first in 40.4% of rounds, against 16.6% against a Shun on other counts.
  • In round 1: opens with “backdash into evade down” in 8.0% of rounds, against 2.8% in their other rounds.
  • Against Goh: opens with “backdash into 4K+G Spin Heel Sword” in 9.6% of rounds, against 3.1% against everyone else.
  • After opening the round before with “crouch dash forward into evade down”: opens with “crouch dash forward into evade down” in 17.4% of rounds, against 5.4% after anything else.
  • After losing a round: opens with “crouch dash forward into G guard” in 16.8% of rounds, against 9.1% after winning one.
  • When behind: opens with “evade down into G guard” in 6.9% of rounds, against 3.8% when ahead or level.

How is this tested?

crouch dash forward into guardG32312.5%
evade down into guardG1425.5%
crouch dash forward into evade down1405.4%
backdash into evade down1064.1%
backdash into Spin Heel Sword4K+G893.4%
Low Spin Kick1K+G793.0%
Middle Smash6P712.7%
Jab StraightPP into Jab Double StraightPPP692.7%
Middle Spin Kick46K+G642.5%
backdash into Long Stride Back Knuckle4P+K532.0%
crouch dash forward into Smash Straight3P532.0%
guardG491.9%
crouch dash forward into High Angle Upper Kick6K411.6%
punchP into Jab StraightPP371.4%
backdash into Chopping Blow2P+K341.3%

270 further openings account for the other 1,240 rounds.

Counted from 641 of the 683 matches played. The rest were not pulled for openings.

By stage type

Record against each character on walled and open stages, as Jacky

OpponentWallsNo wallsWalls vs open, rank-adjusted, pts
Shun20–17 · 54%25–21 · 54%-0.1
Kage18–22 · 45%9–10 · 47%too few to test
Akira12–29 · 29%7–8 · 47%too few to test
Aoi13–20 · 39%7–11 · 39%too few to test
Lau14–22 · 39%9–10 · 47%too few to test
Jacky15–8 · 65%8–5 · 62%too few to test
Jeffry4–13 · 24%5–1 · 83%too few to test
Vanessa10–14 · 42%3–4 · 43%too few to test
El Blaze12–8 · 60%5–7 · 42%too few to test
Taka13–8 · 62%5–5 · 50%too few to test
Goh8–4 · 67%5–4 · 56%too few to test
Lion15–8 · 65%3–2 · 60%too few to test
Sarah8–5 · 62%5–5 · 50%too few to test

Nothing reliable: no gap here is bigger than stage luck alone produces.

Walls: every fence, rectangle and octagon stage. No walls: open, low fence and single-wall stages. Snow Mountain and Training Room are left out.

42 of this character's decided matches could not be matched to the round-openings pull, which is what says the character was played, and are left out of this table.

How is this tested?

Jeffry

Career
769–673 · 53.3%
This season
407 matches · 48.9%
Peak rank
37

First hit in 53.3% of 1,609 rounds. Won 53.0% of the rounds they struck first, 47.4% of the rounds they were struck first.

Significant Tells

  • In round 1: waits first in 17.8% of rounds, against 6.2% in their other rounds.
  • After opening the round before by moving in: moves in first in 38.8% of rounds, against 20.3% after anything else.
  • After winning a round: attacks straight away in 47.9% of rounds, against 26.0% after losing one.
  • When ahead: attacks straight away in 45.2% of rounds, against 29.6% when level or behind.
  • In round 1: opens with “evade down into G guard” in 7.9% of rounds, against 2.9% in their other rounds.
  • Against Sarah: opens with “P punch” in 10.3% of rounds, against 2.6% against everyone else.
  • After losing a round: opens with “evade down into G guard” in 5.0% of rounds, against 0.8% after winning one.

How is this tested?

crouch dash forward into guardG1438.8%
backdash into evade down865.3%
evade down into guardG674.1%
punchP462.8%
Elbow Butt6P422.6%
guardG402.5%
Low Knuckle2P392.4%
backdash into Tsunami Beat3K+G392.4%
crouch dash forward into evade up382.3%
punchP into Double KnucklePP352.1%
backdash into Full Swing Double Hammer41236P+K322.0%
backdash into Knee Attack6K311.9%
crouch dash forward into evade down311.9%
guardG into punchP291.8%
punchP into Ducking Low2K+G271.7%

242 further openings account for the other 900 rounds.

Counted from 404 of the 407 matches played. The rest were not pulled for openings.

By stage type

Record against each character on walled and open stages, as Jeffry

OpponentWallsNo wallsWalls vs open, rank-adjusted, pts
Akira22–28 · 44%9–6 · 60%too few to test
Kage16–30 · 35%2–4 · 33%too few to test
Jeffry18–13 · 58%10–7 · 59%too few to test
Shun9–7 · 56%6–9 · 40%too few to test
Jacky17–12 · 59%3–0 · 100%too few to test
Jean6–6 · 50%0–0 · —too few to test
Wolf4–8 · 33%5–2 · 71%too few to test

Walls: every fence, rectangle and octagon stage. No walls: open, low fence and single-wall stages. Snow Mountain and Training Room are left out.

3 of this character's decided matches could not be matched to the round-openings pull, which is what says the character was played, and are left out of this table.

How is this tested?

Lion

Career
825–669 · 55.2%
This season
218 matches · 53.2%
Peak rank
40

First hit in 50.6% of 886 rounds. Won 57.8% of the rounds they struck first, 46.1% of the rounds they were struck first.

Significant Tells

  • In round 1: waits first in 19.3% of rounds, against 5.8% in their other rounds.
  • On Open stages: backs off first in 33.6% of rounds, against 17.9% on the other stages.
  • After winning a round: attacks straight away in 50.6% of rounds, against 30.3% after losing one.
  • When ahead: attacks straight away in 46.9% of rounds, against 33.6% when level or behind.
  • In round 1: opens with “evade down into G guard” in 8.3% of rounds, against 2.1% in their other rounds.

How is this tested?

crouch dash forward into guardG627.0%
backdash into evade down566.3%
evade down into guardG323.6%
punchP323.6%
crouch dash forward into evade down293.3%
Banchu6P283.2%
backdash into Sentai4K232.6%
crouch dash forward into evade up202.2%
guardG into punchP202.2%
crouch dash forward into punchP171.9%
Juchou Senshou8P+K151.7%
backdash into Tanhikyaku46K141.6%
crouch dash forward into Senkyutai1K141.6%
punchP into Banchu6P141.6%
punchP into Senkyutai1K141.6%

178 further openings account for the other 497 rounds.

By stage type

Record against each character on walled and open stages, as Lion

OpponentWallsNo wallsWalls vs open, rank-adjusted, pts
Shun14–18 · 44%16–12 · 57%too few to test
Lau10–11 · 48%8–4 · 67%too few to test
Akira7–8 · 47%4–6 · 40%too few to test

Walls: every fence, rectangle and octagon stage. No walls: open, low fence and single-wall stages. Snow Mountain and Training Room are left out.

How is this tested?

Jean

Career
775–655 · 54.2%
This season
108 matches · 55.6%
Peak rank
37

First hit in 57.0% of 381 rounds. Won 57.1% of the rounds they struck first, 50.6% of the rounds they were struck first.

Significant Tells

  • In round 1: waits first in 20.4% of rounds, against 4.5% in their other rounds.
  • Against Akira: evades first in 17.9% of rounds, against 9.1% against everyone else.
  • After winning a round: attacks straight away in 47.1% of rounds, against 22.6% after losing one.
  • In round 4 or later: opens with “6P Yoko'enpi” in 14.6% of rounds, against 6.5% in their other rounds.
  • Against Akira: opens with “6P Yoko'enpi” in 9.5% of rounds, against 8.4% against everyone else.

How is this tested?

crouch dash forward into guardG4311.3%
Yoko'enpi6P338.7%
punchP164.2%
backdash into evade down143.7%
evade down into guardG143.7%
backdash into Chudan Mawashigeri3K123.1%
crouch dash forward into evade down92.4%
guardG82.1%
backdash into Doumawashi Kaitengeri46K+G71.8%
backdash into Hou'ou Kourui Otoshi4K+G71.8%
crouch dash forward into Yamakuzushi6K71.8%
crouch dash forward into evade up71.8%
guardG into punchP71.8%
punchP into Yoko'enpi6P71.8%
punchP into Yamakuzushi6K61.6%

112 further openings account for the other 184 rounds.

Counted from 93 of the 108 matches played. The rest were not pulled for openings.

Kage

Career
418–315 · 57.0%
This season
62 matches · 51.6%
Peak rank
33

First hit in 55.4% of 242 rounds. Won 51.5% of the rounds they struck first, 52.8% of the rounds they were struck first.

Significant Tells

Too few rounds to test opener patterns.

How is this tested?

crouch dash forward into guardG2510.3%
evade down into guardG135.3%
backdash into Furikakato OtoshiK+G124.9%
Hiji'uchi6P83.3%
backdash into evade down72.9%
Jizuridan2P62.5%
crouch dash forward into punchP62.5%
punchP into ResshouPP62.5%
crouch dash forward into evade down52.1%
punchP52.1%
punchP into throwP+G52.1%
Rasen4P into Surigeri2K41.6%
backdash into Ryubisen44K+G41.6%
evade down into Hiji'uchi6P41.6%
evade down into Ryubisen44K+G41.6%

84 further openings account for the other 129 rounds.

Counted from 57 of the 62 matches played. The rest were not pulled for openings.

Brad

Career
168–129 · 56.6%
This season
57 matches · 59.6%
Peak rank
31

First hit in 50.7% of 227 rounds. Won 57.4% of the rounds they struck first, 56.2% of the rounds they were struck first.

Significant Tells

Too few rounds to test opener patterns.

How is this tested?

backdash into evade down2711.8%
crouch dash forward into evade down135.7%
crouch dash forward into guardG135.7%
punchP104.4%
forward dash into Elbow Hook6P94.0%
evade down into guardG83.5%
Ducking6P+K+G into Sting BlowP+K73.1%
Elbow Hook6P73.1%
Jolt Upper3P into Jolt Upper~Spin Kick3PK73.1%
backdash into Jackal Straight46P+K62.6%
crouch dash forward into Elbow Hook6P62.6%
backdash into Pap Sawk Kao46K+G52.2%
Ducking6P+K+G into Crush Knee KickK+G41.8%
guardG into evade down41.8%
punchP into Elbow Hook6P41.8%

71 further openings account for the other 98 rounds.

Counted from 55 of the 57 matches played. The rest were not pulled for openings.

Lau

Career
269–204 · 56.9%
This season
34 matches · 67.7%
Peak rank
33

Significant Tells

Too few rounds to test opener patterns.

How is this tested?

evade down into guardG1515.6%
crouch dash forward into guardG1212.5%
backdash into evade down88.3%
Chugeki6P55.2%
backdash into Sako Soushou4P+K33.1%
backward movement into evade down33.1%
Fukko Kensou1P22.1%
backdash into Kosoushou46P22.1%
backdash into Senchutai3K22.1%
crouch dash forward into Souchuken2P22.1%
crouch dash forward into punchP22.1%
evade down into forward dash22.1%
evade up into Kosoushou46P22.1%
forward dash into Hou'ou Soushou6PP22.1%
punchP22.1%

32 further openings account for the other 32 rounds.

Counted from 25 of the 34 matches played. The rest were not pulled for openings.

Goh

Career
70–59 · 54.3%
This season
13 matches · 46.1%
Peak rank
27

Significant Tells

Too few rounds to test opener patterns.

How is this tested?

backdash into Karura4P+K510.0%
backdash into evade down510.0%
evade down into guardG48.0%
backdash into throwP+G36.0%
Hiji'ate6P24.0%
Soukyu46P24.0%
backdash into Soukyu46P24.0%
backdash into kickK24.0%
backward movement into evade down24.0%
punchP24.0%
Raikou3P into Denkou3PP12.0%
Soukyu46P into forward movement12.0%
Sune'uchi2P12.0%
Tsukikage6K12.0%
backdash into Maegeri3K12.0%

16 further openings account for the other 16 rounds.

Akira

Career
27–23 · 54.0%
This season
9 matches · 77.8%
Peak rank
26

Significant Tells

Too few rounds to test opener patterns.

How is this tested?

backdash into evade down1437.8%
crouch dash forward into guardG38.1%
backdash into Koboku214P25.4%
backdash into Rimon Chouchu66P25.4%
guardG25.4%
Rimon Chouchu66P12.7%
SoutoP+K12.7%
backdash into Gekiho Honko2P+K+G12.7%
backdash into Jouho Senshou46P12.7%
backdash into KansuitaiPK12.7%
backward movement into evade down12.7%
crouch dash forward into evade down12.7%
crouch dash forward into evade up12.7%
crouch dash forward into punchP12.7%
evade down into punchP12.7%

4 further openings account for the other 4 rounds.

El Blaze

Career
25–14 · 64.1%
This season
13 matches · 61.5%
Peak rank
27

Significant Tells

Too few rounds to test opener patterns.

How is this tested?

crouch dash forward into guardG619.4%
crouch dash forward into evade down39.7%
crouch dash forward into Sit Jab2P26.5%
guardG into punchP26.5%
Demon Dance9P+K into Demon's Tail9P+KK13.2%
Double ElbowP+KP into Combo Elbow UpperP+KPP13.2%
Shadow Strike6P13.2%
Volcano Upper4P+K13.2%
backdash into Demon's Tail9P+KK13.2%
backdash into ElbowP+K13.2%
backdash into Hammer Smash46P+K13.2%
backdash into Head Smash Kick46K13.2%
backdash into Jumping Hammer Knuckle8P+K13.2%
backdash into Sit Jab2P13.2%
backdash into Volcano Knee6K+G13.2%

7 further openings account for the other 7 rounds.

Counted from 8 of the 13 matches played. The rest were not pulled for openings.

Wolf

Career
1–4 · 20.0%
This season
3 matches · 0.0%
Peak rank
26

Significant Tells

Too few rounds to test opener patterns.

How is this tested?

Comet Hook1P17.7%
Low Drop Kick62K into guardG17.7%
Low Hammer2P17.7%
Low Hammer2P into Arrow Knuckle3P17.7%
Rolling Savate6K+G into forward movement17.7%
backdash into Heavy Middle Kick3K+G17.7%
backdash into Rolling Elbow43P17.7%
backdash into evade down17.7%
backward movement into evade down17.7%
evade up into crouch dash forward17.7%
evade up into evade down17.7%
guardG into Low Hammer2P17.7%
punchP into Face Lift Kick3K17.7%

How these are tested

A tell is a habit in how this player starts a round: something they do clearly more often in one situation than in the others — backing off more in round 2, say, or opening with one move more against one character. Each situation is compared with how they actually opened their rounds, and a tell is listed only if it is too strong to be a fluke even after allowing for how many situations were checked on this page. Anything weaker is left out, so a character with no tells listed may still have habits, just none the data can show for certain.

  • An opener is filed by what the player did first: attack (a named move or any button), move in (forward dash, forward movement or crouch dash forward), wait (guard, crouch or no input), back off (backdash, crouch dash back or backward movement) or evade. Each is also tested as the exact opener: the character's five most used, and the rest together.
  • Up to ten things known before a round starts are tested against the opener: which round it is, the opponent's character, the ring shape, how the player opened the round before and how the opponent did, whether they won or lost the round before, who landed the first hit of the round before, whether they go into it ahead, level or behind, and -- where a Shun is playing -- the drink points he starts it on: the player's own if they are Shun, the opponent's if they face one. Each is a chi-square test, divided by how much more alike the rounds of one match are than separate rounds would be, and never made more generous by it. Checked by shuffling the data so that nothing is there: the tests then find something no more often than chance allows.
  • Round results and drink points come from each match's round record, matched to its openers by the two players and the date. A match whose record is missing, lacks rounds the openers have, or does not add up to the match's result sits out of those four tests only. These four are compared only between rounds of the same number -- the score and the drinks follow from which round it is (every match starts level and on no drinks), so a pattern that is only “the first round is different” is not counted as one of theirs. Drawn rounds count toward neither side of the score, and the round after one has no previous result. Drink points are grouped as on the Shun report (none, 1–4, 5–9 and so on), with neighbouring groups joined where they are thin.
  • A character is tested with at least 300 rounds from 30 matches. Rare cases are pooled before testing, and a pattern is only named where it holds up after correcting for every test on this page (64 here; about 3.2 would come up by chance alone before the correction).
  • Walls against open is tested per opponent with 30+ matches and 10+ different players on each side, allowing for both players' ranks, and corrected across every player page at once: 0 of 2,552 hold up. With stages shuffled at random: 0 of 2,651–2,673.

Tests behind each character's list

  • Jacky: 11 of 18 tests hold up
  • Jeffry: 7 of 17 tests hold up
  • Lion: 5 of 15 tests hold up
  • Jean: 5 of 14 tests hold up
  • Kage: not tested (too few rounds)
  • Brad: not tested (too few rounds)
  • Lau: not tested (too few rounds)
  • Goh: not tested (too few rounds)
  • Akira: not tested (too few rounds)
  • El Blaze: not tested (too few rounds)
  • Wolf: not tested (too few rounds)